智能制造、劳动关系与劳动者的应对策略——基于广东“企业—员工”匹配调查数据

Intelligent Manufacturing, Labor Relations and Workers' Coping Strategies: Evidence from Guangdong Employer-Employee Matched Survey Data

  • 摘要: 人工智能技术在生产过程中的广泛应用引发了劳动者日益加剧的岗位替代焦虑。基于2023年广东“企业—员工”匹配调查数据,检验智能制造对劳动者替代危机感和个体应对策略的作用机制,并分析劳动关系稳定性对劳动者个体应对策略的影响,发现:企业智能化程度越高,劳动者所产生的替代危机感越强,越倾向于积极主动应对这一转型;和谐稳定的劳动关系可以促进劳动者采取更加积极主动的策略来应对技术变革;劳动关系的稳定有助于缓解非国有企业劳动者的替代危机感,且在劳动密集型企业尤为显著,更能促进劳动者积极主动应对智能化发展。因此,应通过构建和谐劳动关系、加强AI技术普及和劳动者技能培训来降低劳动者岗位替代焦虑,帮助劳动者更好地适应新科技革命。

     

    Abstract: The widespread application of artificial intelligence technology in production processes has intensified workers' fears of job displacement. Drawing upon the 2023 Guangdong Enterprise-Employee Matching Survey data, this paper examines the mechanisms through which intelligent manufacturing influences workers' sense of displacement crisis and individual coping strategies, while analyzing how labor relation stability moderates these adaptive responses. The findings reveal that higher levels of enterprise intelligence significantly amplify workers' perceived displacement risks, consequently motivating proactive adaptation strategies. Concurrently, harmonious and stable labor relations facilitate more active worker engagement with technological transformations. Notably, labor relation stability demonstrates particular efficacy in alleviating displacement anxiety among employees in non-state-owned enterprises and labor-intensive industries, while simultaneously enhancing proactive adaptation to intelligent development. The study concludes with policy recommendations advocating the establishment of harmonious labor relations, enhanced dissemination of AI technologies, and comprehensive skill development programs to mitigate occupational anxiety and facilitate workforce adaptation to technological revolution.

     

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